getProgramAccounts

Explore getProgramAccounts: Use Cases, Code Examples, Parameters, Response Format, and Expert Tips

The getProgramAccounts RPC method lets you fetch all on‐chain accounts owned by a given program—essential for any application that needs to discover or monitor program‑specific state. Since a program can own thousands of accounts, this method offers powerful filtering to narrow your results and optimize performance.

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🔍 Common Use Cases

• Token Holders Discovery Find every SPL token account for a specific mint to list all token holders.

• User‑Specific Data Retrieval Fetch all accounts created by a program for a user (e.g., a DeFi position, game state).

• Custom Account Indexing Locate all instances of a bespoke account type defined by your program.

• Program State Monitoring Track every account under a program to observe its overall activity and health.

• Explorer & Analytics Tooling Aggregate and analyze program data for dashboards or block explorers.

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🛠 Request Parameters

{
  "programId": "<base58ProgramPubkey>",  // Required
  "options": {                           // Optional
    "commitment": "processed|confirmed|finalized",
    "encoding": "base64|base58|base64+zstd|jsonParsed",
    "filters": [
      { "dataSize": <u64> },
      { "memcmp": { "offset": <usize>, "bytes": "<base58Bytes>" } }
      // up to 4 total filters
    ],
    "dataSlice": { "offset": <usize>, "length": <usize> },
    "withContext": true|false,
    "minContextSlot": <u64>
  }
}

• programId: Base‑58 public key of the on‑chain program (e.g., "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA").

• commitment: Desired confirmation level.

• encoding:

  • base64 (default)

  • base58

  • base64+zstd

  • jsonParsed (highly recommended for supported programs)

• filters (max 4):

  • dataSize: Match accounts by byte length.

  • memcmp: Compare a slice of account data at offset with bytes.

• dataSlice: Return only a byte range—ideal for large accounts.

• withContext: Wrap results in an object with context (slot) and value (accounts) when true.

• minContextSlot: Ensure data is at least as recent as this slot.

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📦 Response Structure

Returns either a raw array or, if withContext: true, an RPC response object:

[
  {
    "pubkey": "<accountPubkey>",
    "account": {
      "lamports": <u64>,
      "owner": "<programId>",
      "data": ["<encoded>", "<encoding>"] | { /* parsed JSON */ },
      "executable": true|false,
      "rentEpoch": <u64>,
      "space": <u64>  // data length in bytes
    }
  },
  …
]

• pubkey: Account’s base‑58 public key.

• account:

  • lamports: Balance in lamports.

  • owner: Program that owns this account.

  • data: Encoded or parsed account data.

  • executable: true if this account is a program.

  • rentEpoch: Next epoch when rent is due.

  • space: Byte length of the data.

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💡 Examples

1. All USDC Token Accounts Filter by dataSize: 165 and memcmp at offset 0 matching the USDC mint key.

2. Accounts Owned by a Wallet Use dataSize: 165 and memcmp at offset 32 to match the wallet’s public key.

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Code Examples

Nodejs

const fetch = require('node-fetch');

async function getProgramAccounts(rpcUrl) {
  try {
    const response = await fetch(rpcUrl, {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        jsonrpc: '2.0',
        id: 1,
        method: 'getProgramAccounts',
        "params": [
            "4Nd1mBQtrMJVYVfKf2PJy9NZUZdTAsp7D4xWLs4gDB4T",
            {
              "commitment": "finalized",
              "filters": [
                { "dataSize": 17 },
                {
                  "memcmp": {
                    "offset": 4,
                    "bytes": "3Mc6vR"
                  }
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
      }),
    });

    const data = await response.json();
    
    // Print the exact full response
    console.log('Full RPC Response:');
    console.log(JSON.stringify(data, null, 2));
    
    return data;
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error getting health:', error.message);
    return null;
  }
}

// Example usage
const RPC_URL = 'https://rpc.coinvera.io/?x-api-key=your-coinvera-x-api-key';

getProgramAccounts(RPC_URL);

Python

Example Response

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": [
    {
      "pubkey": "CxELquR1gPP8wHe33gZ4QxqGB3sZ9RSwsJ2KshVewkFY",
      "account": {
        "data": "2R9jLfiAQ9bgdcw6h8s44439",
        "executable": false,
        "lamports": 15298080,
        "owner": "4Nd1mBQtrMJVYVfKf2PJy9NZUZdTAsp7D4xWLs4gDB4T",
        "rentEpoch": 28,
        "space": 42
      }
    }
  ],
  "id": 1
}

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🧠 Developer Tips

• Always Filter: Without filters, queries can be extremely heavy and may time out.

• No Pagination: Large result sets aren’t paginated—design filters to keep results manageable.

• Rate Limits: Heavy usage can hit provider limits (e.g., CoinVera).

• Know Your Layout: Effective memcmp filters require precise knowledge of account byte structure.

• Prefer jsonParsed: For SPL Token, Stake, and other common programs, jsonParsed saves manual decoding.

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By mastering getProgramAccounts and its filters, you’ll efficiently query and manipulate program‑owned accounts at scale on Solana.